Journal of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology is using Editorial Tracking System to maintain quality and transparency to the author in the peer-review process. Review processing will be performed by the editorial board members of the Journal of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology or by Reviewers (outside experts in the field). Two independent reviewer’s approval (Minimum reviewer’s approval) followed by editor approval is obligatory for acceptance of any manuscript excluding an editorial.

An antibiotic is a type of antimicrobial substance active against bacteria. It is the most important type of antibacterial agent for fighting bacterial infections, and antibiotic medications are widely used in the treatment and prevention of such infections. They may either kill or inhibit the growth of bacteria. A limited number of antibiotics also possess antiprotozoal activity. They kill the bacteria by keeping them from copying themselves or reproducing. The word antibiotic means “against life.” Any drug that kills germs in your body is technically an antibiotic. But most people use the term when they’re talking about medicine that is meant to kill bacteria. Before scientists first discovered antibiotics in the 1920s, many people died from minor bacterial infections, like strep throat. Surgery was riskier, too. But after antibiotics became available in the 1940s, life expectancy increased, surgeries got safer, and people could survive what used to be deadly infections.

From treatments for painful strep throat or ear infections as a child, to burning urinary tract infections or itchy skin infections as an adult, antibiotics are one of the most highly utilized and important medication classes we have in medicine. Anti-infectives are a large class of drugs that cover a broad range of infections, including fungal, viral, bacterial, and even protozoal infections. Antibiotics are sometimes called antibacterials or antimicrobials. Antibiotics can be taken by mouth as liquids, tablets, capsules or they can be given by injection. Usually, people who need to have an antibiotic by injection are in hospital because they have a severe infection. Antibiotics are also available as creams, ointments, or lotions to apply to the skin to treat certain skin infections.

The infections that can be treated with antibiotics includes: some ear and sinus infections, acne, dental infections, skin infections, meningitis (swelling of the brain and spinal cord), strep throat, bladder and kidney infections, bacterial pneumonias, conjunctivitis, traveler’s diarrhea, whooping cough and sexually transmitted diseases. There is no one type of antibiotic that cures every infection. Antibiotics specifically treat infections caused by bacteria, such as Staph., Strep., or E. coli., and either kill the bacteria (bactericidal) or keep it from reproducing and growing (bacteriostatic). Antibiotics do not work against any viral infection.

The main types of antibiotics include: Penicillins like phenoxymethylpenicillin, flucloxacillin and amoxicillin, Cephalosporins like cefaclor, cefadroxil and cefalexin, Tetracyclines like tetracycline, doxycycline and lymecycline, Aminoglycosides like gentamicin and tobramycin, Macrolides like erythromycin, azithromycin and clarithromycin, Clindamycin, Sulfonamides and trimethoprim like co-trimoxazole, Metronidazole and tinidazole, Quinolones like ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin and norfloxacin and nitrofurantoin used for urinary infections.

Some antibiotics work on many different kinds of bacteria. They’re called “broad-spectrum”. Others target specific bacteria only. They’re known as “narrow-spectrum”. Since your gut is full of bacteria, both good and bad antibiotics often affect your digestive system while they’re treating an infection. Common side effects include vomiting, nausea, diarrhea, bloating or indigestion, abdominal pain, loss of appetite. You may also have other occupational symptoms like hives – a raised, itchy skin rash, coughing, wheezing and tight throat or trouble breathing.

On the occasion of its 3 years, Successful Journey, Journal of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology decided to provide a partial waiver on its article processing charges to promote quality research from across the nations of the globe to encourage the latest research in the field of Infections, Diseases and Medicine. Journal of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology also planning to release a special issue on its new approaches.

Regards

Mary Wilson

Editorial office

Journal of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology

E-mail: pharmatoxicol@eclinicalsci.com